HIV-Associated Tuberculosis: Clinical Update

Swaminathan, Soumya and Padmapriyadarshini, C and Narendran, G (2010) HIV-Associated Tuberculosis: Clinical Update. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 50. pp. 1377-1386. ISSN Print: 1058-4838 | Electronic: 1537-6591

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Abstract

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic has led to an increase in the incidence of tuberculosis globally, particularlyin sub-Saharan Africa. Coinfection with HIV leads to difficulties in both the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis. Becauseof the poor performance of sputum smear microscopy in HIV-infected patients, more sensitive tests—such as liquid culturesystems, nucleic acid amplification assays, and detection of mycobacterial products in various body fluids—are being inves-tigated. The treatment of coinfected patients requires antituberculosis and antiretroviral drugs to be administered concom-itantly; challenges include pill burden and patient compliance, drug interactions, overlapping toxic effects, and immunereconstitution syndrome. Both multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis can spread rapidly among animmunocompromised population, with resulting high mortality rates. Current guidelines recommend starting antiretroviraltreatment within a few weeks of antituberculosis therapy for patients with CD4 cell counts!350 cells/mL; however, importantquestions about the drug regimens and timing of antiretroviral therapy remain. Ongoing trials may answer many of theseunresolved questions.

Affiliation:	ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis
Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	HIV, Tuberculosis
Subjects:	Tuberculosis > Clinical Research
Divisions:	Clinical Research
Depositing User:	Dr. Rathinasabapati R
Date Deposited:	24 Mar 2022 07:28
Last Modified:	24 Mar 2022 07:28
URI:	http://eprints.nirt.res.in/id/eprint/1043

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