Tuberculosis Diagnostics and Biomarkers: Challenges, Recent Advances, and Opportunities

McNerney, R and Maeurer, M and Abubakar, I and Marais, B and McHugh, T D and Ford, N and Weyer, K and Lawn, S and Grobusch, M P and Memish, Z and Squire, S B and Pantaleo, G and Chakaya,, J et. al and Swaminathan, Soumya (2012) Tuberculosis Diagnostics and Biomarkers: Challenges, Recent Advances, and Opportunities. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 205 (Supl.2). S147-S158. ISSN Print: 0022-1899 | Electronic: 1537-6613

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Abstract

Tuberculosis is unique among the major infectious diseases in that it lacks accurate rapid point-of-care diagnostic tests. Failure to control the spread of tuberculosis is largely due to our inability to detect and treat all infectious cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in a timely fashion, allowing continued Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission within communities. Currently recommended gold-standard diagnostic tests for tuberculosis are laboratory based, and multiple investigations may be necessary over a period of weeks or months before a diagnosis is made. Several new diagnostic tests have recently become available for detecting active tuberculosis disease, screening for latent M. tuberculosis infection, and identifying drug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis. However, progress toward a robust point-of-care test has been limited, and novel biomarker discovery remains challenging. In the absence of effective prevention strategies, high rates of early case detection and subsequent cure are required for global tuberculosis control. Early case detection is dependent on test accuracy, accessibility, cost, and complexity, but also depends on the political will and funder investment to deliver optimal, sustainable care to those worst affected by the tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus epidemics. This review highlights unanswered questions, challenges, recent advances, unresolved operational and technical issues, needs, and opportunities related to tuberculosis diagnostics.

Affiliation:	ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis
Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Tuberculosis, Diagnostics, Biomarkers
Subjects:	Tuberculosis > Clinical Research
Divisions:	Clinical Research
Depositing User:	Dr. Rathinasabapati R
Date Deposited:	02 Sep 2022 07:21
Last Modified:	02 Sep 2022 07:21
URI:	http://eprints.nirt.res.in/id/eprint/1155

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