Urine levels of rifampicin & isoniazid in asymptomatic HIV-positive individuals

Ramachandran, Geetha and Hemanth Kumar, A K and Sarala, K and Padmapriyadarshini, C and Anitha, S and Tharani, C B and Kumaraswami, V and Swaminathan, Soumya (2007) Urine levels of rifampicin & isoniazid in asymptomatic HIV-positive individuals. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 125 (Jun). pp. 763-766. ISSN 0971-5916

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Abstract

Background & objectives: AIDS and its associated gastrointestinal complications may impair the absorption of anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs. Impaired absorption of anti-TB drugs could lead to low drug exposure, which might contribute to acquired drug resistance and reduced effectiveness of anti-TB treatment. The aim of this study was to obtain information on the status of absorption of rifampicin (RMP) and isoniazid (INH) in asymptomatic HIV- positive individuals, who are less immunocompromised. The D-xylose absorption test was also carried out to assess the absorptive capacity of intestive. Methods: The absorption of RMP, INH and D-xylose was studied in 15 asymptomatic HIV- positive individuals with CD4 cell counts > 350 cells/mm3 and 16 healthy volunteers, after oral administration of single doses of RMP (450 mg), INH (300 mg) and D-xylose (5 g). Urine was collected up to 8 h after drug administration. Percentage dose of the drugs and their metabolites and D-xylose excreted in urine were calculated. Results: A significant reduction in the urinary excretion of INH and D-xylose in HIV-positive persons compared to healthy volunteers was observed. The per cent dose of RMP and its metabolite, desacetyl RMP was also lower in HIV-positive persons compared to healthy volunteers, but this difference was not statistically significant. Interpretation & conclusion: Decreased urinary excretion of D-xylose and INH are suggestive of intestinal malabsorption in HIV-positive individuals. HIV infection could cause malabsorption of anti-TB drugs even at an early stage of the disease. The clinical implications of these findings need to be confirmed in larger studies.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Asymptomatic HIV infection, isoniazid, malabsorption, rifampicin
Subjects:	Tuberculosis > Laboratory Research > Biochemical
Divisions:	Basic Science Research > Biochemistry
Depositing User:	Dr. Rathinasabapati R
Date Deposited:	06 Jan 2014 10:33
Last Modified:	09 Mar 2016 04:47
URI:	http://eprints.nirt.res.in/id/eprint/800

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