Molecular Characterization of the Gene of Vertically Transmitted HIV-1 Strains in Children with Virological Failure.

Karunaianantham, Ramesh and Nesa Kumar, Manohar and Gopalan, Bindu and Haribabu, Hemalatha and Hanna, Luke Elizabeth and Sanjeeva, G N and Reddy, Devarajulu and Shet, Anita and Swaminathan, Soumya and Padmapriyadarsini, Chandrasekaran (2022) Molecular Characterization of the Gene of Vertically Transmitted HIV-1 Strains in Children with Virological Failure. AIDS research and human retroviruses, 38 (6). pp. 491-496. ISSN 1931-8405

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Abstract

HIV-1 gene sequences were analyzed from 77 HIV-1 positive children infected perinatally and exhibiting virological failure (VF). Viral subtyping, phylogenetic analysis, and genotypic drug resistance analysis were carried out on samples collected before start of anti retroviral treatment (ART) (baseline, BL), and at 12 months post-ART initiation (M12). Subtype C was found to be most predominant, seen in 75 of the 77 (97.4%) children. The level of pretreatment drug resistance (PDR) was 14% among these children. At BL, K103N (5), E138A/G (4), and M184V (3) were the most common mutations. At M12 the prevalence of any resistance-associated mutation (RAM) (acquired drug resistance/ADR) was 81.8% (63/77). Dual class resistance mutations were seen in 64% (49/77) of children. M184V/I, K103N/S, and Y181C were the most commonly occurring mutations, seen in 76%, 51%, and 36% children. RAMs to the second-generation non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI), etravirine (ETR) and rilpivirine (RPV), were seen in 40.2% (31/77) and 48.05% (37/77) of the children, respectively. Our findings reveal similar prevalence rates of PDR and ADR in children with VF as reported in other studies. Occurrence of ETR and RPV resistance associated mutations (RAMs) is of concern and highlights the need for timely switch of regimens guided by genotypic resistance testing in perinatally infected children from India.

Affiliation:	ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis
Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	ertical transmission, HIV-1 pol gene, HIV-1 drug resistance, South India, virological failure, HIV-1 subtype C
Subjects:	HIV Tuberculosis > Laboratory Research > Virological
Divisions:	Basic Science Research > Virology and Biotechnology
Depositing User:	Dr. Rathinasabapati R
Date Deposited:	29 Mar 2023 06:34
Last Modified:	29 Mar 2023 06:34
URI:	http://eprints.nirt.res.in/id/eprint/1887

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