Antigen detection as a point-of-care test for TB: the case of lipoarabinomannan

Swaminathan, Soumya and Banu Rekha, V V (2012) Antigen detection as a point-of-care test for TB: the case of lipoarabinomannan. Future Microbiology, 7 (5). pp. 559-564. ISSN Print: 1746-0913 | Electronic: 1746-0921

Archive 201228.pdf - Published Version Restricted to Registered users only Download (368kB) | Request a copy

Abstract

The limitations of sputum smear microscopy, routine chest radiology for HIV-associated TB and culture-based diagnosis are well recognized, especially in resource-limited settings. The diagnostic accuracy of a new point-of-care lateral-flow urine strip test for lipoarabinomannan (Determine(®) TB-LAM; Alere, MA, USA), which costs US$3.50 per test strip and provides results within 30 min, was evaluated in a cohort of South African patients for HIV-associated TB before starting anti-retroviral therapy in South Africa. Prevalence of culture-positive TB cases was 17.4%, among which 28.2% had sputum smear positivity. Determine(®) TB-LAM (Alere, MA, USA) had highest sensitivity at low CD4 cell counts: 66.7, 51.7 and 39.0% at <50 cells, <100 cells and <200 cells per µl, respectively; specificity was greater than 98% for all strata. There was an incremental sensitivity when Determine TB-LAM was combined with smear microscopy, which did not differ statistically from the sensitivities obtained by testing a single sputum sample with the Xpert(®) MTB/RIF (Cepheid; CA, USA) assay. Determine TB-LAM is a simple, low-cost alternative to existing diagnostic assays for TB screening in HIV-infected patients with very low CD4(+) cell counts.

Affiliation:	ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis
Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Determine® TB-LAM, HIV-TB TB antigen, TB diagnosis, urine LAM
Subjects:	Tuberculosis > Clinical Research
Divisions:	Clinical Research
Depositing User:	Dr. Rathinasabapati R
Date Deposited:	02 Sep 2022 07:48
Last Modified:	02 Sep 2022 07:48
URI:	http://eprints.nirt.res.in/id/eprint/1158

Actions (login required)

View Item