Items where Author is "Nutman, Thomas B."

Pavan Kumar, Nathella and Venkataraman, Aishwarya and Varadarjan, Poovazhagi and Nancy, Arul and Rajamanickam, Anuradha and Selladurai, Elilarasi and Sankaralingam, Thangavelu and Thiruvengadam, Kannan and Selvam, Ramya and Thimmaiah, Akshith and Natarajan, Suresh and Ramaswamy, Ganesh and Putlibai, Sulochana and Sadasivam, Kalaimaran and Sundaram, Balasubramanian and Hissar, Syed and Ranganathan, Uma Devi and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2022) Role of matrix metalloproteinases in multi-system inflammatory syndrome and acute COVID-19 in children. Frontiers in Medicine, 9. ISSN 2296-858X

Morassutti, Alessandra and Munisankar, Saravanan and Rajamanickam, Anuradha and Balasubramanian, Suganthi and Muthusamy, Satishwaran and Dolla, Chandra Kumar and Menon, Pradeep Aravindan and Chinnayan, Ponnuraja and Whalen, Christopher and Gumne, Paschaline and Kaur, Inderdeep and Nadimpalli, Varma and Deverakonda, Akshay and Chen, Zhenhao and David Otto, John and Habitegiyorgis, Tesfalidet and Kandaswamy, Harish and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2022) Seroprevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in a South Indian adult population. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 16 (7). e0010561. ISSN 1935-2735

Suthar, Mehul and Rajamanickam, Anuradha and Nathella, Pavan Kumar and Venkataraman, Aishwarya and Varadarjan, Poovazhagi and Kannan, Srinithi and Pandiarajan, Arul Nancy and Renji, Rachel Mariam and Elavarasan, Elayarani and Thimmaiah, Akshith and Sasidaran, Kandasamy and Krishnamoorthy, Nedunchelian and Natarajan, Suresh and Ramaswamy, Ganesh and Sundaram, Balasubramanian and Putlibai, Sulochana and Hissar, Syed and Selladurai, Elilarasi and Uma Devi, K. Ranganathan and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2022) Unique cellular immune signatures of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. PLOS Pathogens, 18 (11). e1010915. ISSN 1553-7374

Rajamanickam, Anuradha and Munisankar, Saravanan and Dolla, Chandrakumar and Menon, Pradeep A. and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2020) Helminth Coinfection Alters Monocyte Activation, Polarization, and Function in Latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. The Journal of Immunology, 204 (5). pp. 1274-1286. ISSN 0022-1767

Rajamanickam, Anuradha and Munisankar, Saravanan and Menon, Pradeep A. and Dolla, Chandrakumar and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2020) Helminth Mediated Attenuation of Systemic Inflammation and Microbial Translocation in Helminth-Diabetes Comorbidity. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 10. ISSN 2235-2988

Nacher, Mathieu and Rajamanickam, Anuradha and Munisankar, Saravanan and Dolla, Chandrakumar and Menon, Pradeep A. and Thiruvengadam, Kannan and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2020) Helminth infection modulates systemic pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines implicated in type 2 diabetes mellitus pathogenesis. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 14 (3). e0008101. ISSN 1935-2735

Rajamanickam, Anuradha and Munisankar, Saravanan and Thiruvengadam, Kannan and Menon, Pradeep A. and Dolla, Chandrakumar and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2020) Impact of Helminth Infection on Metabolic and Immune Homeostasis in Non-diabetic Obesity. Frontiers in Immunology, 11. ISSN 1664-3224

Rajamanickam, Anuradha and Munisankar, Saravanan and Bhootra, Yukthi and Dolla, Chandra Kumar and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2019) Coexistent Helminth Infection–Mediated Modulation of Chemokine Responses in Latent Tuberculosis. The Journal of Immunology, 202 (5). pp. 1494-1500. ISSN 0022-1767

Rajamanickam, Anuradha and Munisankar, Saravanan and Dolla, Chandrakumar and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash and Herbert, De'Broski R. (2019) Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen 4 (CTLA-4)- and Programmed Death 1 (PD-1)-Mediated Regulation of Monofunctional and Dual Functional CD4 + and CD8 + T-Cell Responses in a Chronic Helminth Infection. Infection and Immunity, 87 (12). ISSN 0019-9567

Layland, Laura Elizabeth and Rajamanickam, Anuradha and Munisankar, Saravanan and Bhootra, Yukti and Dolla, Chandra Kumar and Thiruvengadam, Kannan and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2018) Altered levels of memory T cell subsets and common γc cytokines in Strongyloides stercoralis infection and partial reversal following anthelmintic treatment. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 12 (5). e0006481. ISSN 1935-2735

Rajamanickam, Anuradha and Munisankar, Saravanan and Bhootra, Yukthi and Dolla, Chandra Kumar and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2018) Elevated Systemic Levels of Eosinophil, Neutrophil, and Mast Cell Granular Proteins in Strongyloides Stercoralis Infection that Diminish following Treatment. Frontiers in Immunology, 9. ISSN 1664-3224

Rajamanickam, Anuradha and Munisankar, Saravanan and Bhootra, Yukthi and Dolla, Chandrakumar and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2018) Elevated Systemic and Parasite—Antigen Stimulated Levels of Type III IFNs in a Chronic Helminth Infection and Reversal Following Anthelmintic Treatment. Frontiers in Immunology, 9. ISSN 1664-3224

Anuradha, Rajamanickam and Munisankar, Saravanan and Bhootra, Yukthi and Dolla, Chandrakumar and Kumaran, Paul and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash and Ehrt, Sabine (2017) Anthelmintic Therapy Modifies the Systemic and Mycobacterial Antigen-Stimulated Cytokine Profile in Helminth-Latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis Coinfection. Infection and Immunity, 85 (4). ISSN 0019-9567

Rajamanickam, Anuradha and Munisankar, Saravanan and Bhootra, Yukthi and Dolla, Chandrakumar and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash and Appleton, Judith A. (2017) Microbial Translocation Associated with an Acute-Phase Response and Elevations in MMP-1, HO-1, and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Strongyloides stercoralis Infection. Infection and Immunity, 85 (1). ISSN 0019-9567

Anuradha, Rajamanickam and Munisankar, Saravanan and Bhootra, Yukthi and Dolla, Chandrakumar and Kumaran, Paul and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash and Appleton, Judith A. (2017) Modulation of CD4 + and CD8 + T Cell Function and Cytokine Responses in Strongyloides stercoralis Infection by Interleukin-27 (IL-27) and IL-37. Infection and Immunity, 85 (11). ISSN 0019-9567

Bethony, Jeffrey Michael and Anuradha, Rajamanickam and Munisankar, Saravanan and Bhootra, Yukti and Dolla, Chandrakumar and Kumaran, Paul and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2017) Modulation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific humoral immune responses is associated with Strongyloides stercoralis co-infection. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 11 (5). e0005569. ISSN 1935-2735

Babu, Subash and Nutman, Thomas B. (2016) Helminth-Tuberculosis Co-infection: An Immunologic Perspective. Trends in Immunology, 37 (9). pp. 597-607. ISSN 14714906

Satoskar, Abhay R and Anuradha, Rajamanickam and Munisankar, Saravanan and Bhootra, Yukthi and Jagannathan, Jeeva and Dolla, Chandrakumar and Kumaran, Paul and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2016) IL-10- and TGFβ-mediated Th9 Responses in a Human Helminth Infection. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 10 (1). e0004317. ISSN 1935-2735

Anuradha, Rajamanickam and Munisankar, Saravanan and Dolla, Chandrakumar and Kumaran, Paul and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2016) Modulation of CD4+and CD8+T-Cell Function by Interleukin 19 and Interleukin 24 During Filarial Infections. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 213 (5). pp. 811-815. ISSN 0022-1899

Anuradha, Rajamanickam and Munisankar, Saravanan and Bhootra, Yukti and Jagannathan, Jeeva and Dolla, Chandrakumar and Kumaran, Paul and Shen, Kui and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash and Appleton, J. A. (2016) Systemic Cytokine Profiles in Strongyloides stercoralis Infection and Alterations following Treatment. Infection and Immunity, 84 (2). pp. 425-431. ISSN 0019-9567

Andrade, Bruno B. and Pavan Kumar, Nathella and Amaral, Eduardo P. and Riteau, Nicolas and Mayer-Barber, Katrin D. and Tosh, Kevin W. and Maier, Nolan and Conceição, Elisabete L. and Kubler, Andre and Sridhar, Rathinam and Banurekha, Vaithilingam V. and Jawahar, Mohideen S. and Barbosa, Theolis and Manganiello, Vincent C. and Moss, Joel and Fontana, Joseph R. and Marciano, Beatriz E. and Sampaio, Elizabeth P. and Olivier, Kenneth N. and Holland, Steven M. and Jackson, Sharon H. and Moayeri, Mahtab and Leppla, Stephen and Sereti, Irini and Barber, Daniel L. and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash and Sher, Alan (2015) Heme Oxygenase-1 Regulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 Expression Underlies Distinct Disease Profiles in Tuberculosis. The Journal of Immunology, 195 (6). pp. 2763-2773. ISSN 0022-1767

Kumar, Nathella P. and Moideen, Kadar and Banurekha, Vaithilingam V. and Nair, Dina and Sridhar, Rathinam and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2015) IL‐27 and TGFβ mediated expansion of Th1 and adaptive regulatory T cells expressing IL‐10 correlates with bacterial burden and disease severity in pulmonary tuberculosis. Immunity, Inflammation and Disease, 3 (3). pp. 289-299. ISSN 2050-4527

George, Parakkal Jovvian and Pavan Kumar, Nathella and Jaganathan, Jeeva and Dolla, Chandrakumar and Kumaran, Paul and Nair, Dina and Banurekha, Vaithilingam V. and Shen, Kui and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2015) Modulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in active and latent tuberculosis by coexistent Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Tuberculosis, 95 (6). pp. 822-828. ISSN 14729792

Anuradha, Rajamanickam and Munisankar, Saravanan and Dolla, Chandrakumar and Kumaran, Paul and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2015) Parasite Antigen-Specific Regulation of Th1, Th2, and Th17 Responses in Strongyloides stercoralis Infection. The Journal of Immunology, 195 (5). pp. 2241-2250. ISSN 0022-1767

Bentwich, Zvi and Talaat, Kawsar R. and Babu, Subash and Menon, Pradeep and Kumarasamy, N. and Sharma, Jabin and Arumugam, Jeeva and Dhakshinamurthy, Kalaivani and Srinivasan, Ramalingam and Poongulali, S. and Gu, Wenjuan and Fay, Michael P. and Swaminathan, Soumya and Nutman, Thomas B. (2015) Treatment of W. bancrofti (Wb) in HIV/Wb Coinfections in South India. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 9 (3). e0003622. ISSN 1935-2735

Kumar, Nathella P. and Sridhar, Rathinam and Nair, Dina and Banurekha, Vaithilingam V. and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2015) Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with altered CD8+T and natural killer cell function in pulmonary tuberculosis. Immunology, 144 (4). pp. 677-686. ISSN 00192805

Kumar, Nathella Pavan and Sridhar, Rathinam and Hanna, Luke Elizabeth and Banurekha, Vaithilingam V. and Jawahar, Mohideen S. and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2014) Altered CD8+ T cell frequency and function in tuberculous lymphadenitis. Tuberculosis, 94 (5). pp. 482-493. ISSN 14729792

Vinetz, Joseph M. and George, Parakkal Jovvian and Kumar, Nathella Pavan and Sridhar, Rathinam and Hanna, Luke E. and Nair, Dina and Banurekha, Vaithilingam V. and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2014) Coincident Helminth Infection Modulates Systemic Inflammation and Immune Activation in Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 8 (11). e3289. ISSN 1935-2735

Wilkinson, Katalin Andrea and Kumar, Nathella Pavan and Banurekha, Vaithilingam V. and Nair, Dina and Sridhar, Rathinam and Kornfeld, Hardy and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2014) Coincident Pre-Diabetes Is Associated with Dysregulated Cytokine Responses in Pulmonary Tuberculosis. PLoS ONE, 9 (11). e112108. ISSN 1932-6203

Zissel, Gernot and Kumar, Nathella Pavan and Sridhar, Rathinam and Hanna, Luke E. and Banurekha, Vaithilingam V. and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2014) Decreased Frequencies of Circulating CD4+ T Follicular Helper Cells Associated with Diminished Plasma IL-21 in Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis. PLoS ONE, 9 (10). e111098. ISSN 1932-6203

Kumar, Nathella Pavan and George, Parakkal Jovvian and Kumaran, Paul and Dolla, Chandra Kumar and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2014) Diminished Systemic and Antigen-Specific Type 1, Type 17, and Other Proinflammatory Cytokines in Diabetic and Prediabetic Individuals With LatentMycobacterium tuberculosisInfection. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 210 (10). pp. 1670-1678. ISSN 0022-1899

Specht, Sabine and Anuradha, Rajamanickam and George, Parakkal Jovvian and Hanna, Luke E. and Kumaran, Paul and Chandrasekaran, Vedachalam and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2014) Expansion of Parasite-Specific CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells Expressing IL-10 Superfamily Cytokine Members and Their Regulation in Human Lymphatic Filariasis. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 8 (4). e2762. ISSN 1935-2735

Andrade, Bruno B. and Kumar, Nathella Pavan and Sridhar, Rathinam and Banurekha, Vaithilingam V. and Jawahar, Mohideen S. and Nutman, Thomas B. and Sher, Alan and Babu, Subash (2014) Heightened Plasma Levels of Heme Oxygenase-1 and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-4 as Well as Elevated Peripheral Neutrophil Counts Are Associated With TB-Diabetes Comorbidity. Chest, 145 (6). pp. 1244-1254. ISSN 00123692

Gause, William C. and George, Parakkal Jovvian and Anuradha, Rajamanickam and Kumar, Nathella Pavan and Sridhar, Rathinam and Banurekha, Vaithilingam V. and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2014) Helminth Infections Coincident with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis Inhibit Mono- and Multifunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T Cell Responses in a Process Dependent on IL-10. PLoS Pathogens, 10 (9). e1004375. ISSN 1553-7374

Tolouei Semnani, Roshanak and Moore, Vanessa and Bennuru, Sasisekhar and McDonald-Fleming, Renee and Ganesan, Sundar and Cotton, Rachel and Anuradha, Rajamanickam and Babu, Subash and Nutman, Thomas B. and Adams, J. H. (2014) Human Monocyte Subsets at Homeostasis and Their Perturbation in Numbers and Function in Filarial Infection. Infection and Immunity, 82 (11). pp. 4438-4446. ISSN 0019-9567

Cardona, Pere-Joan and Chatterjee, Soumya and Kolappan, Chockalingam and Subramani, Rangasamy and Gopi, Punnathanathu G. and Chandrasekaran, Vedhachalam and Fay, Michael P. and Babu, Subash and Kumaraswami, Vasanthapuram and Nutman, Thomas B. (2014) Incidence of Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Patients with Coincident Filarial and/or Intestinal Helminth Infections Followed Longitudinally in South India. PLoS ONE, 9 (4). e94603. ISSN 1932-6203

Anuradha, R. and George, P. Jovvian and Chandrasekaran, V. and Kumaran, P. Paul and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash and Wilkins, P. P. (2014) Interleukin 1 (IL-1)- and IL-23-Mediated Expansion of Filarial Antigen-Specific Th17 and Th22 Cells in Filarial Lymphedema. Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 21 (7). pp. 960-965. ISSN 1556-6811

Anuradha, Rajamanickam and George, Parakkal Jovvian and Kumaran, Paul and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash and Wilkins, P. P. (2014) Interleukin-10- and Transforming Growth Factor β-Independent Regulation of CD8+T Cells Expressing Type 1 and Type 2 Cytokines in Human Lymphatic Filariasis. Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 21 (12). pp. 1620-1627. ISSN 1556-6811

Yazdanbakhsh, Maria and Anuradha, Rajamanickam and George, Parakkal Jovvian and Hanna, Luke E. and Chandrasekaran, Vedachalam and Kumaran, P. Paul and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2014) Parasite-Antigen Driven Expansion of IL-5− and IL-5+ Th2 Human Subpopulations in Lymphatic Filariasis and Their Differential Dependence on IL-10 and TGFβ. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 8 (1). e2658. ISSN 1935-2735

Pavan Kumar, Nathella and Anuradha, R. and Andrade, Bruno B. and Suresh, N. and Ganesh, R. and Shankar, Janani and Kumaraswami, V. and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2013) Circulating Biomarkers of Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Children. Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 20 (5). pp. 704-711. ISSN 1556-6811

Tyagi, Anil Kumar and Kumar, Nathella Pavan and Sridhar, Rathinam and Banurekha, Vaithilingam V. and Nair, Dina and Jawahar, Mohideen S. and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2013) Expansion of Pathogen-Specific Mono- and Multifunctional Th1 and Th17 Cells in Multi-Focal Tuberculous Lymphadenitis. PLoS ONE, 8 (2). e57123. ISSN 1932-6203

Kumar, Nathella Pavan and Sridhar, Rathinam and Banurekha, Vaithilingam V. and Jawahar, Mohideen S. and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2013) Expansion of Pathogen-Specific T-Helper 1 and T-Helper 17 Cells in Pulmonary Tuberculosis With Coincident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 208 (5). pp. 739-748. ISSN 0022-1899

Kumar, Nathella Pavan and Gopinath, Venugopal and Sridhar, Rathinam and Hanna, Luke E. and Banurekha, Vaithilingam V. and Jawahar, Mohideen S. and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2013) IL-10 Dependent Suppression of Type 1, Type 2 and Type 17 Cytokines in Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis. PLoS ONE, 8 (3). e59572. ISSN 1932-6203

Anuradha, Rajamanickam and George, Parakkal Jovvian and Hanna, Luke E. and Chandrasekaran, Vedachalam and Kumaran, Paul and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2013) IL-4–, TGF-β–, and IL-1–Dependent Expansion of Parasite Antigen-Specific Th9 Cells Is Associated with Clinical Pathology in Human Lymphatic Filariasis. The Journal of Immunology, 191 (5). pp. 2466-2473. ISSN 0022-1767

George, Parakkal Jovvian and Anuradha, Rajamanickam and Kumaran, Paramasivam Paul and Chandrasekaran, Vedachalam and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2013) Modulation of Mycobacterial-Specific Th1 and Th17 Cells in Latent Tuberculosis by Coincident Hookworm Infection. The Journal of Immunology, 190 (10). pp. 5161-5168. ISSN 0022-1767

Sotgiu, Giovanni and Andrade, Bruno B. and Pavan Kumar, Nathella and Mayer-Barber, Katrin D. and Barber, Daniel L. and Sridhar, Rathinam and Rekha, Vaithilingam V. Banu and Jawahar, Mohideen S. and Nutman, Thomas B. and Sher, Alan and Babu, Subash (2013) Plasma Heme Oxygenase-1 Levels Distinguish Latent or Successfully Treated Human Tuberculosis from Active Disease. PLoS ONE, 8 (5). e62618. ISSN 1932-6203

Kumar, Nathella Pavan and Sridhar, Rathinam and Banurekha, Vaithilingam V. and Jawahar, Mohideen S. and Fay, Michael P. and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2013) Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Coincident with Pulmonary Tuberculosis Is Associated with Heightened Systemic Type 1, Type 17, and Other Proinflammatory Cytokines. Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 10 (5). pp. 441-449. ISSN 2329-6933

Lammie, Patrick J. and Anuradha, Rajamanickam and George, Jovvian P. and Pavankumar, Nathella and Kumaraswami, Vasanthapuram and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2012) Altered Circulating Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Inhibitors Associated with Elevated Type 2 Cytokines in Lymphatic Filarial Disease. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 6 (6). e1681. ISSN 1935-2735

Pearce, Edward J. and Anuradha, R. and George, P. Jovvian and Pavan Kumar, N. and Fay, Michael P. and Kumaraswami, V. and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2012) Circulating Microbial Products and Acute Phase Proteins as Markers of Pathogenesis in Lymphatic Filarial Disease. PLoS Pathogens, 8 (6). e1002749. ISSN 1553-7374

McSorley, Henry John and George, Palakkal Jovvian and Anuradha, Rajamanickam and Kumar, Nathella Pavan and Kumaraswami, Vasanthapuram and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2012) Evidence of Microbial Translocation Associated with Perturbations in T Cell and Antigen-Presenting Cell Homeostasis in Hookworm Infections. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 6 (10). e1830. ISSN 1935-2735

Senbagavalli, P. and Hilda, J. Nancy and Ramanathan, V. D. and Kumaraswami, V. and Nutman, Thomas B. and Babu, Subash (2012) Immune Complexes Isolated from Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis Modulate the Activation and Function of Normal Granulocytes. Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 19 (12). pp. 1965-1971. ISSN 1556-6811

Babu, Subash and Nutman, Thomas B. (2012) Immunopathogenesis of lymphatic filarial disease. Seminars in Immunopathology, 34 (6). pp. 847-861. ISSN 1863-2297

Babu, Subash and Anuradha, R. and Kumar, N. Pavan and George, P. Jovvian and Kumaraswami, V. and Nutman, Thomas B. and Urban, J. F. (2012) Toll-Like Receptor- and Filarial Antigen-Mediated, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase- and NF-κB-Dependent Regulation of Angiogenic Growth Factors in Filarial Lymphatic Pathology. Infection and Immunity, 80 (7). pp. 2509-2518. ISSN 0019-9567